Enuresis is defined as the involuntary passage of urine, and is considered to be a normal condition in children. However, the presence of enuresis in adults can be an indication of some underlying disorder.
In children up to 6-7 years of age, enuresis is usually not a cause of concern, and is considered to be normal. However, if the condition continues or occurs during adulthood, medical intervention becomes imperative.
Enuresis is categorized into two types: diurnal enuresis (daytime wetting) and nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting). Studies show that 0.5% to 2.3% of adults suffer from nocturnal enuresis.
Causes
This condition tends to run in families, and may arise due to certain genetic factors. Excessive consumption of caffeine and alcohol, chronic constipation, and diabetes can lead to enuresis in adults. People affected by urinary tract abnormalities, such as a smaller than normal bladder, as well as those suffering from urinary tract infection, are more prone to develop this condition. Other causes include sleep apnea, mental retardation, physical disability, psychological issues, insufficient production of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), irritable bladder syndrome, and overactive bladder disorder.
Treatment
The first and most important step to begin the treatment for this condition is to have a discussion about this problem with family members, close friends, and the appropriate medical professional. The treatment usually begins with the diagnosis of the underlying cause, which may include both physical and psychological factors.
Medication is usually recommended to reduce the formation of urine in the body, or to relax the bladder, and enable it to hold more amount of urine. The precise set of drugs prescribed depends on the symptoms and etiology of the condition.
Enuresis alarms are battery-controlled devices designed to ring, buzz or vibrate when there is an incident of urination. They enable the patient to rush to the nearest toilet, and empty the bladder completely. Nowadays, people can avail alarms which have a small and sleek structure, and are more comfortable to use.
Nocturnal enuresis in adults can also be treated by reducing the fluid intake in the evening, and avoiding caffeine or alcohol before going to the bed. It is also necessary to empty the bladder just before going to bed. Strengthening exercises for the bladder may help the affected person to get more control on the frequency of urination.
Enuresis is a sensitive issue which must be dealt with understanding and support from family members as well as friends. The affected individual has to undergo physical complications, and may also develop a feeling of shame and embarrassment.
Disclaimer: This HealthHearty article is for informative purposes only, and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice.