
Consuming contaminated food or water is one of the common causes of gastritis. This write-up enlists the symptoms experienced in case of a stomach infection caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
Gastritis is a condition that is characterized by the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. It occurs when infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites enter the stomach and attack the lining of the stomach. When these disease-causing agents cause inflammation of the stomach as well as the intestines, it is referred to as gastroenteritis or stomach flu. The symptoms that are experienced by a person affected by a stomach infection would depend on the causal organism and the extent of inflammation.
Symptoms of a Bacterial Stomach Infection
Helicobacter pylori is one of the common bacteria that can infect the stomach. This bacteria is also known for causing stomach ulcers. Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Methyl Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium, Salmonella, or Shigella are some of the bacteria that might cause a bacterial infection in the stomach. Most of the time, such infections are food-borne. Infections generally occur due to the consumption of contaminated food or water. Here is a list of symptoms that might be experienced by those affected by such a bacterial infection:
- Stomach pain
- Abdominal cramps
- Indigestion
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
- Malaise
Symptoms of a Viral Stomach Infection
Astrovirus, Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus, and Caliciviruses are some of the viruses that commonly cause viral gastroenteritis. Since the immune system of young children is not yet fully-developed, they are susceptible. Rotavirus and Norovirus are generally responsible for causing stomach flu in children. These viruses are usually found in contaminated food and water. These viruses can also spread through physical contact. The common symptoms of stomach flu in children and adults include:
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Chills
- Loss of appetite
- Fever
Symptoms of a Fungal Stomach Infection
Yeast is a naturally-occurring fungus that is found in the mouth, intestines, and the genital region. The presence of beneficial bacteria in our body helps in controlling the population of this fungi. Prolonged use of antibiotics can disrupt the necessary balance of beneficial bacteria. This gives rise to growth of this fungi, which in turn, leads to yeast infections. Stomach or intestinal yeast infections are most likely to occur, when the immune system is compromised. Excessive intake of sugar is also a risk factor. The common symptoms of this infection include:
- Abdominal pain
- Bloating
- Indigestion
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
- Constipation
- Heartburn
- Mucus in stool
Treatment
Ascertaining the causal organism and the nature of infection is central to the treatment. In case of a bacterial infection, the treatment will usually involve the use of antibiotics. If the infection is viral in nature, taking antibiotics will not help in alleviating the symptoms. If the infection is caused by Candida yeast, taking probiotics will prove beneficial. Since episodes of vomiting and diarrhea cause an imbalance of electrolytes and fluids, one needs to compensate for this loss. It is extremely important that one stays hydrated.
Fruit juices or drinks might cause diarrhea to worsen, which is why it is advisable to drink water or Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS). ORS should be given to babies at regular intervals. In severe cases, intravenous administration of fluids might be required to tackle the problem of dehydration. The affected person might develop an intolerance to most foods, which is why the gastrointestinal tract should not be burdened by eating heavy foods. Once the condition improves, start with foods that are easily digestible. Under no circumstances, should one consume street food. Taking rest is extremely essential as that will also allow the body to recuperate.
Since bacteria, viruses and fungi often find a way to the stomach due to the consumption of contaminated food or water, be very careful about what you eat. Always wash your hands before eating and maintain a good level of hygiene while working in the kitchen. Seek medical assistance, if the symptoms are severe.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is solely for educating the reader. It is not intended to be a substitute for the advice of a medical expert.