Proper identification and diagnosis of acute renal failure symptoms can help in treating this life-threatening disease. Here is detailed information on the causes, symptoms, and treatment methods of this condition.
When we say renal failure it refers to kidney failure. The human kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs that help in filtering the blood and excreting out the waste from the body in the form of urine. Along with this, kidneys perform other functions like regulation of electrolytes, production of hormones, etc., and hence, are considered as one of the most important parts of the human body.
Renal failure occurs due to inability of the kidneys to function to its fullest. Renal failure is differentiated into two types: acute and chronic. The chronic renal failure (also known as chronic kidney disease), although develops and progresses very slowly, is difficult to treat and is irreversible. On the other hand, acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury, progresses rapidly, but, can be treated completely.
Acute Renal Failure
Acute kidney failure or acute renal failure (ARF) can be caused due to numerous reasons. A sudden injury or accident is the most common cause. Similarly, reduced or interrupted supply of blood to the kidneys can cause acute renal failure. This can occur as a result of complications during any surgery, like a heart bypass surgery. On the other hand, toxic overdose or drug overdose is another possible cause.
Acute renal failure is differentiated into two types, prerenal failure and postrenal failure. Prerenal failure occurs when there is a sudden reduction in the blood flow to the kidney, whereas, in case of postrenal failure, the urinary tract gets obstructed, which results in the waste to get built up in the kidneys. Prerenal acute renal failure is the most common type of renal failure. In order to commence the treatment as early as possible, it is necessary to identify the symptoms.
Symptoms
The initial symptoms of kidney failure are very subtle and cannot be noticed easily. The symptoms also vary from person to person. In some cases, no symptoms are shown at all in the early stage. The following are the signs and symptoms:
- Very little urine production
- Body swelling (specially legs and feet)
- Rapid heart rate
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Dizziness
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Anxiety
- Restlessness
- Dryness of mouth
In extreme cases, if these symptoms remain unnoticed, the condition can become more severe. One can observe symptoms like blood in urine, seizures, and coma in case acute renal failure is not treated immediately.
Treatment
Blood and urine tests are used to diagnose the condition. Treatment of acute renal failure usually comprises medications, but simultaneously other treatments for improving heart functioning (for proper blood supply), IV fluids (to keep a check on electrolytes balance), etc., will also be carried out. If the person does not respond to these treatment methods, he may be required to undergo dialysis.
Remember that acute kidney failure symptoms should be identified and treated quickly in order to restore normal functioning of the kidney.
Disclaimer: This HealthHearty article is for informative purposes only and does not, in any way, intend to replace the advice of a medical professional.
